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Configurations that put firmware into external memory thus need a second stage loader. For typical "flat" memory architectures, a loader supporting the 0xA3 vendor request is used to write into that memory. Similarly, a second stage loader that supports the 0xA2 or 0xA9 vendor request is needed when writing boot firmware into an I2C EEPROM. These 0xA2, 0xA9 and 0xA3 vendor commands are conventions defined by Cypress.

(Implicit Two-Step)

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Recovery boot ≈ (Explicit Two-Step) Recovery

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Boot

It is possible to write in EEPROM only using a 2nd stage loader firmware supporting EEPROM programming (aka intermediate good firmware) running in RAM; normally the bootloader Vend_Ax.hex is used. 

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