Yocto KICKstart

The Yocto Project is a set of tools that helps to create customized Linux systems. This is a short description of how to prepare the host computer and how to create a project with yocto.

Build Host

Yocto Project is supported in many Linux Distributions, this descriptions refers to Ubuntu 20.04 LTS. For other Distributions you need to refer to the Yocto Project Reference Manual.

General requirements

This requirements are generally needed for Yocto Project in Ubuntu 20.04:

• free disk space: at least 50 GB

• required packages: 

  sudo apt install gawk wget git-core diffstat unzip texinfo gcc-multilib build-essential chrpath socat cpio \
                   python3 python3-pip python3-pexpect xz-utils debianutils iputils-ping python3-git python3-jinja2 \
                   libegl1-mesa libsdl1.2-dev pylint3 xterm

(optional) VM with supported Linux OS

If you do not have installled Linux OS on your host computer, you can optionally run VM with a supported Linux OS:

• • e.g. with OracleVM:

    • VM Setup:

      • RAM: >= 8 GB

      • CPU:  >= 4

      • HDD: 150 GB dynamically

        • ubuntu-20.04-desktop-amd64.iso

        • install vm guest additions

      • Network: network bridge

      • optional: add shared folder, enable drag and drop

    • Note the general requirements

Install Yocto Project

1. Create and navigate to yocto directory:

   mkdir yocto && cd yocto

2. Clone the Yocto Project sources (selected branch is 'Hardknott'. For other branches see: https://wiki.yoctoproject.org/wiki/Releases) :

   git clone -b hardknott https://git.yoctoproject.org/poky.git

Create a project for an Intel FPGA device

The following steps are required to create an image for the Intel FPGA devices:

1. For Intel FPGA devices you need the meta-layer 'meta-altera'. Run following command to clone this meta-layer from github into the 'poky' folder:

   cd poky
   git clone -b master https://github.com/kraj/meta-altera.git

2. Run the oe-init-build-env script to initialize the environment:

   source oe-init-build-env

3. Add meta-altera layer to /yocto/poky/build/conf/bblayers.conf:

   echo 'BBLAYERS += " ${TOPDIR}/../meta-altera "' >> conf/bblayers.conf

4. Modify the /yocto/poky/build/conf/local.conf file:

   1. Remove default configuration of the MACHINE variable and set it to a supported machine (see meta-altera for more information) of meta-altera layer e.g 'cyclone5':

      sed -i /MACHINE\ \?\?=\ \"qemux86-64\"/d conf/local.conf
      echo "MACHINE = \"cyclone5\"" >> conf/local.conf

   2. Set kernel version for meta-altera:

      echo 'PREFERRED_PROVIDER_virtual/kernel = "linux-altera-lts"' >> conf/local.conf
      echo 'PREFERRED_VERSION_linux-altera = "5.4%"' >> conf/local.conf

5. Build the image:

   bitbake core-image-minimal

   This command can take several hours to run the first time.

References

1. Yocto Project Reference Manual
2. Yocto Project Quick Build
3. OpenEmbedded Layer Index